GCSE · Biology · AQA · Spec 8461
Food security and farming techniques (biology only)
Hear 'security' and you picture locks and guards. Food security has nothing to do with either. It's all about one word: enough.
Spot the threat
Which threat is it?
Pick a situation, then choose the threat to food security it shows.
Still to sort
Increasing birth rate (0)
How many people are born.
Where the line is: This one is about how many people are born, not about what people eat.
Changing diets in developed countries (0)
What people eat.
Where the line is: This one is about what people eat, not about how many people there are.
New pests and pathogens (0)
Something new on the farm.
Environmental change (0)
Conditions change.
Where the line is: If the story starts with the weather or conditions changing, it's environmental change. If it starts with fighting, it's conflict.
Cost of agricultural inputs (0)
What farms pay for.
Conflict (0)
Fighting.
Every situation here is made up. Your job is to recognise which of the six threats each one shows.
Predict, then check
Now step onto a farm. Commit to an answer before you look.
Farmers can make food production more efficient by restricting the energy transferred from their food animals to the environment. Which pair of changes does that?
WHAT YOU'VE LEARNED
A quick recap of today's lesson.
What food security really means, the six things that threaten it, and how some farms make food production more efficient.
What you need to know
- Food security is having enough food to feed a population.
- An increasing birth rate has threatened food security in some countries.
- Changing diets in developed countries mean scarce food resources are transported around the world.
- New pests and pathogens that affect farming threaten food security.
- Environmental changes affect food production: for example, widespread famine can occur in some countries if rains fail.
- The cost of agricultural inputs threatens food security.
- Conflicts in some parts of the world affect the availability of water or food.
- Sustainable methods must be found to feed all people on Earth.
- The efficiency of food production can be improved by restricting energy transfer from food animals to the environment: limit their movement and control the temperature of their surroundings.
- Some animals are fed high-protein foods to increase growth.
The big picture
Food security is having enough food to feed a population. Six factors threaten it: an increasing birth rate; changing diets in developed countries, which mean scarce food resources are transported around the world; new pests and pathogens; environmental changes such as rains failing, which can cause widespread famine in some countries; the cost of agricultural inputs; and conflicts affecting the availability of water or food. Sustainable methods must be found to feed all people on Earth. On farms, limiting animals' movement and controlling the temperature of their surroundings restrict energy transfer to the environment, improving the efficiency of food production. Some animals are fed high-protein foods to increase growth.
Key points
Worked example
Problem
Read this made-up report: 'This season the rains failed across a farming region, and fighting nearby has made water hard to get.' Identify the two threats to food security in the report, and state how each one threatens food security.
⚠ Watch out
Swapping the two farm techniques. Limiting movement and controlling the temperature of the surroundings restrict energy transfer to the environment. High-protein food is for increasing growth, which is a different aim.
Memory hook
Six threats, six roads to one empty plate: Babies, Tastes, Bugs, Rain, Bills, Battles (birth rate, changing diets, pests and pathogens, environmental change, cost of inputs, conflict). On the farm: 'still and steady keeps the energy in; protein makes them grow.'
Check yourself
Cover the page. Say what food security means and list all six threats. Then name the two farm changes that restrict energy transfer, and say what high-protein food is for.
Flashcards
(11)What is food security?
What effect has an increasing birth rate had on food security?
Changing diets in developed countries: what happens to scarce food resources?
Which new living threats affect farming?
Give an example of an environmental change that threatens food security.
Which threat to food security is about what farms have to pay for?
How do conflicts threaten food security?
What must be found to feed all people on Earth?
How can the efficiency of food production be improved on farms with animals?
Name the two changes that restrict energy transfer from food animals to the environment.
Why are some animals fed high-protein foods?
Tap any card to flip it, or use Study as deck to go through them one at a time. In the full lesson these run as a spaced-repetition deck — you rate each card Hard, Good or Easy and the tricky ones keep coming back until they stick.
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